心理护理干预对减轻未婚异位妊娠患者焦虑状况的效果观察

来源:用户上传      作者: 李玉春 谢月霞 严惠玲

　　[摘要] 目的 分析心理护理干预对减轻未婚异位妊娠患者焦虑状况的效果。 方法 2009年12月～2011年11月在我科住院接受手术的未婚异位妊娠患者116例，随机分为干预组和对照组，每组各58例。在患者入院时和出院前采用Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者的心理行为进行测评。比较两组患者术后并发症的发生率。 结果 治疗后，干预组SAS评分明显下降，与治疗前比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；对照组SAS评分也有所下降，与治疗前比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。治疗后，两组SAS评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。干预组术后腹胀、尿潴留、腹痛、伤口渗血的发生率低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。 结论 通过对未婚异位妊娠患者进行针对性的心理护理，提高了患者的认知程度和依从性，促使其心身早日康复。
　　[关键词] 心理护理；未婚；异位妊娠；焦虑；临床疗效
　　[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）07（b）-0134-03
　　Effects observation of psychological care intervention to the unmarried ectopic pregnancy in patients with anxiety situation
　　LI Yuchun XIE Yuexia YAN Huiling
　　The Central People's Hospital of Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, Huizhou 516008, China
　　[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effects of psychological care intervention to the unmarried ectopic pregnancy in patients with anxiety situation. Methods 116 unmarried patients with ectopic pregnancy underwent surgery from December 2009 to November 2011 were randomly divided into intervention group (n = 58) and control group (n = 58). Patients on admission and before discharge were used the Zung Anxiety Rating Scale (SAS) in patients with psychological and behavioral assessment. The compliance behavior of patients were evaluated when discharged. The incidence of postoperative complications of two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the SAS score of the intervention group decreased significantly compared with before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); SAS score of the control group also decreased compared with before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). After treatment, the difference of SAS score was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The rate of postoperative abdominal distention, urinary retention, abdominal pain, wound oozing of intervention group were lower than that of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion By the targeted unmarried patients with ectopic pregnancy, psychological care, it can improve the patient's level of knowledge and compliance and promote their physical and mental rehabilitation as soon as possible.
　　[Key words] Psychological care; Unmarried; Ectopic pregnancy; Anxiety; Clinical efficacy
　　正常情况下，受精卵会由输卵管迁移到子宫腔，慢慢发育成胎儿。但是，由于输卵管炎及粘连等原因，受精卵在迁移的过程中没有到达子宫，而是在其他位置，即为异位妊娠，俗称宫外孕[1]。由于现代人思想的解放，随之而来的未婚少女异位妊娠越来越多，由于未婚患者年龄小，阅历少，不敢面对现实，害怕被朋友、同事得知而产生焦虑、抑郁心理，往往带来严重的后果，损害了女性的身心健康。我院医护人员于2009年实施了整套的心理护理措施，取得了较好的效果，现报道如下：
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