新疆兵团主要粮食作物区域比较优势分析

来源:用户上传      作者:邓金波 张传辉

　　摘要 ^域比较优势可以看作是种植业结构调整的基本依据。通过区域比较优势分析结果，结合不同区域自然社会条件，充分发挥当地粮食生产潜力，有效提高粮食作物生产质量和效率。通过对新疆生产建设兵团主要的粮食作物在各师的比较优势分析，为新疆生产建设兵团各师主要粮食作物的种植结构调整与区域布局优化提供理论支撑。利用2018年主要粮食作物播种面积、产量、农业产值等一系列数据，测算了新疆生产建设兵团14个师5中主要粮食作物的的资源禀赋系数、规模比较优势指数、效率比较优势指数及综合比较优势指数，并依据测算结果对各师主要粮食作物生产的区域比较优势进行分析判断，结果表明：小麦和玉米的生产具有较强的区域比较优势，而水稻、大麦、大豆的生产只是在个别师存在区域比较优势。南疆一师的水稻生产相比于其他师具有较强的资源禀赋优势，北疆九师的大麦、十师的大豆具有独特的资源禀赋优势，东疆的小麦生产的资源禀赋优势较为明显。
　　关键词 粮食作物;区域比较优势;资源禀赋系数;区域差异;新疆兵团
　　中图分类号 F323.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2022）07-0230-04
　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2022.07.055
　　开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：
　　Regional Comparative Advantage Analysis of Major Grain Crops in Xinjiang Corps
　　DENG Jin-bo1，ZHANG Chuan-hui2
　　（1.School of Economics and Management， Tarim University，Alar，Xinjiang 843300;2.Sharing Collaborative Innovation （Cultivation） Center of Western Region Culture and Silk Road Civilization， Tarim University， Alar， Xinjiang 843300）
　　Abstract Regional comparative advantage can be regarded as the basic basis of crop structure adjustment. By analyzing the results of regional comparative advantages and combining the natural and social conditions in different regions， we can give full play to the potential of local food production and effectively improve the quality and efficiency of food crop production. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the comparative advantages of the main grain crops of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in each division， and to provide the theoretical basis for the adjustment of the planting structure and the optimization of the regional distribution of the main grain crops in each division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Using the main food crop planting area， yield， agricultural output value and a series of data in 2018， calculated the coefficient of resources endowment，scale comparative advantage index， efficiency of comparative advantage index and comprehensive comparative advantage index of 5 main food crops in 14 divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps， and according to the measured results of each division main food crops production of regional comparative advantage analysis.The results showed that the wheat and corn production with strong regional comparative advantage， and rice， barley， soybean production is only exist in the individual division regional comparative advantage. Compared with other divisions， the rice production of the first division of Southern Xinjiang has a strong advantage in terms of resource endowment， the barley production of the Ninth Division of Northern Xinjiang and the soybean production of the Tenth Division have a unique advantage in terms of resource endowment， and the wheat production of Eastern Xinjiang has an obvious advantage in terms of resource endowment.

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