关联词语是语法中的一种重要元素，它们用于连接和组织句子、段落和文章。根据它们的功能和用途，关联词语可以被分为不同的类别。以下是一些常见的关联词语分类及举例说明：

1. 接续词

这类关联词语用于连接同类或相似的词语、短语或句子。常见的接续词有and、or、but、so等。例如：

- I like tea and coffee.

- You can choose to stay at home or go out.

- She is beautiful but not very smart.

- He is tired, so he went to bed early.

2. 转折词

转折词用于表示相反或不同的意思。常见的转折词有however、although、nevertheless等。例如：

- She is very rich, however, she is not happy.

- Although he is young, he is very talented.

- She failed the test, nevertheless, she kept trying.

3. 顺承词

这类关联词语用于表示顺序或递进关系。常见的顺承词有then、next、furthermore、in addition等。例如：

- First, we need to prepare all the ingredients. Then, we can start cooking.

- I finished my homework, and then I watched TV.

- Furthermore, we can also offer discounts to our customers.

- In addition to the salary, we also provide various benefits.

4. 因果词

这类关联词语用于表示因果关系。常见的因果词有because、since、so、therefore等。例如：

- I couldn't go to the party because I was sick.

- Since it's raining, we should bring an umbrella.

- She is very hardworking, so she got promoted.

- I forgot my phone at home, therefore, I couldn't call you.

5. 比较词

这类关联词语用于表示比较关系。常见的比较词有than、as、like等。例如：

- He is taller than his brother.

- She sings as beautifully as a bird.

- I like fruits like apples and bananas.

总之，关联词语在写作中起到了重要的作用，可以让文章更加连贯和易于理解。熟练掌握各种关联词语的用法和分类，将帮助我们写出更加流畅和有条理的文章。