照射是指通过光线、电波等方式对某物进行照射和照明。在英语中，照射的近义词有illumination、radiation、exposure、irradiation等。

illumination指的是通过光线、灯光等方式照亮物体，使其变得明亮。例如：The illumination in the room was perfect for reading.

radiation通常指的是电磁波、热能等的放射或者传播。例如：The nuclear plant had a radiation leak, which caused a lot of concern among the local residents.

exposure指的是暴露在某种物质或者环境中的状态。例如：Prolonged exposure to the sun can lead to skin damage and skin cancer.

irradiation则是指对物体进行强烈的辐射或者照射。例如：The food was treated with irradiation to kill any harmful bacteria.

总之，照射在英语中有多种近义词，需要根据不同的语境和含义进行选择。