输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗肾结石的临床效果观察
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作者:王庆涛 白龙伟
摘 要 目的:探讨输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗肾结石的临床效果。方法:将76例肾结石患者按照随机数字表法分成对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=38),对照组采取经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗,观察组采取输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗。对比两组肾结石清除率、手术指标、肾损伤程度和并发症发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组结石清除比例差异无统计学意义。观察组肾脏损伤分子-1和血清肌酐低于对照组;手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间等手术指标优于对照组;并发症发生率低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗肾结石既可保持较高的结石清除率,同时还有较高的安全性。
关键词 输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术 肾功能损伤 肾结石
中图分类号:R692.4 文献标志码:B 文章编号:1006-1533(2022)03-0052-02
Clinical effect of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for renal calculi
WANG Qingtao, BAI Longwei
(Department of Urology, the People’s Hospital of Gongyi, He’nan Province, Gongyi 451200, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for renal calculi. Methods: Seventy-six patients with nephrolithiasis were randomly divided into a control group (n=38) and an observation group (n=38). The control group was treated with percutaneous nephrolithiasis lithotripsy while the observation group with ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. The renal stone clearance rate, operative index, degree of renal injury and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the rate of stone clearance between the two groups after treatment. The levels of renal injury molecule-1 and serum creatinine and the incidence of complications were lower, and the time for operation and hospitalization and the volume of intraoperative bleeding were less in the observation group than the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for renal calculi can maintain a high stone clearance rate and meanwhile a high safety.
KEy wORDS ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy; renal function injury; kidney stone
肾结石是一种与生活习惯、饮食习惯密切相关的泌尿科疾病,由于主要发生在输尿管与肾盂等相连接的部位,可导致排泄障碍,严重影响患者生活质量[1~2]。研究表明,通过利用输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗可有效避免手术创伤导致的不良反应[3]。本研究对我院收治的38例肾结石患者采取输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗并观察治疗效果,现报道如下。
1.1 一般资料
将2018年3月―2019年3月我院收治的76例良性肾结石患者按照随机数字表法分成观察组(n=38)和对照组(n=38)。观察组:男21例,女17例;年龄53~81岁,平均年龄(62.71±4.37)岁;病程4个月~14年,平均病程(4.97±0.52)年;肾上盂肾结石12例,肾下盂肾结石18例,肾盂肾结石8例。对照组:男22例,女16例;年龄54~78岁,平均年龄(62.84±4.25)岁;病程5个月~13年,平均病程(4.81±0.53)年;肾上盂肾结石11例,肾下盂肾结石19例,肾盂肾结石8例。两组一般资料对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。研究获本院伦理委员会批准,患者或其亲属签署知情同意书。
1.2 {入和排除标准
纳入标准:符合手术适应证;结石直径≤2.0 cm;尿路造影检查等影像学资料符合良性肾结石临床诊断;输尿管碎石术治疗后残余肾结石。
排除标准:输尿管明显狭窄不能行输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗;重度肾积水无法接受此术式治疗;肾脏内残余鹿角型结石患者;意识障碍者。
1.3 治疗方法
对照组采用全麻、9.8 F输尿管硬镜常规进镜治疗,后行经皮肾镜碎石取石术。
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