QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术测定果蔬中5种农药残留的方法优化
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作者:严娅 宋敏 袁辉 韩���@
摘 要:本文基于超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术建立了同时检测草莓和生姜中5种典型农药残留的快速检测方法。从盐析剂和净化材料两方面对QuEChERS方法进行了优化,并对液相色谱条件及质谱条件进行了优化。结果显示,所有组分在1~50 ng/mL线性良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.99,检出限为0.000 5
~0.003 0 mg/kg,定量限为0.001 5~0.009 0 mg/kg;3个加标浓度(0.1 mg/kg、0.02 mg/kg、0.004 mg/kg)下,5种农药组分的平均回收率为82.4%~116.3%,相对标准偏差为4.3%~8.3%。本方法具有前处理简单、快速、准确、高灵敏度和高选择性等特点,适用于果蔬农药残留的快速检测。
关键词:超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术;农药残留;方法优化
Optimization of QuEChERS-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Determination of 5 Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables
YAN Ya, SONG Min, YUAN Hui, HAN Jinxuan*
(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute,Urumqi 830011, China)
Abstract: A rapid method for simultaneous determination of 5 typical pesticide residues in strawberry and ginger was developed based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The QuEChERS method was optimized from 2 aspects of salting out agent and purifying material, and the conditions of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were optimized. All the components showed good linearity in the concentration range of 1 to50 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.99 and limits of detection of 0.000 5 mg/kg to 0.003 0 mg/kg.Limits of quantification were 0.001 5~0.009 0 mg/kg, and the average recoveries were 82.4%~116.3% with relative standard deviations of 4.3%~8.3% at 3 spiked concentrations (0.1 mg/kg, 0.02 mg/kg, 0.004 mg/kg). This method has the advantages of simple, rapid, accurate, high sensitivity and high selectivity, and is suitable for rapid determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.
Keywords: UPLC-MS/MS; pesticide residues; method optimization
前我国水果、蔬菜等农产品需求量与日俱增,大量大棚果蔬上市,一些农产品种植户在病虫害防治过程中违规使用农药,导致出现农药残留超标现象[1]。大剂量的农药残留会导致人体急性中毒,低剂量的农药残留会通过食物链的传递在人体内富集,长期蓄积在人体内的农药残留会导致人体慢性中毒[2]。超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)具有分析范围广、分离能力强、检测限低及分析快速等优点[3]。本研究所涉及的5种农药组分包括吡虫啉、啶虫脒、烯酰吗啉、噻虫胺及噻虫嗪,目前标准中常用的检测方法为《水果和蔬菜中450种农药及相关化学品残留量的测定 液相色谱-串联质谱法》(GB/T 20769―2008)和《食品安全国家标准 植物源性食品中331种农药及其代谢物残留量的测定 液相色谱-质谱联用法》(GB 23200.121―2021)。这些方法普遍存在前处理过程复杂、有机试剂用量大、分析时间长的缺点,随着检验工作量的逐年增加,此方法无法提高现阶段的检验工作效率[4]。因此,建立一套同时对多组分农药残留进行大批量、准确、快速检测的方法就显得尤为重要。
分散萃取法即QuEChERS方法,是一种国际流行的农药残留快速检测方法,具有方便、快速、高效等优点[5]。本研究以草莓和生姜农药残留较高的两种果蔬为样本,选取烯酰吗啉、吡虫啉、啶虫脒、噻虫胺和噻虫嗪5种典型的农药残留物作为待测组分。采用经过优化的QuEChERS方法,结合UPLC-MS/MS对样品进行检测,建立一种适合目前实验室的多组分农药残留快速检测方法[6]。
1 材料与方法
nlc202208151911
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