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浅析微生物检验技术在生活饮用水监测中的应用

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  [摘要] 目的 探究在生活饮用水监测中运用微生物检验技术的价值。方法 纳入2017年4月枯水期93份与2017年8月丰水期93份总共186份生活饮用水样本于2017年3月—2018年3月开展研究。所有生活饮用水样本均采用滤膜法检验(研究1组)与多管发酵法检验(研究2组),统计枯水期与丰水期两组微生物检出情况。结果 研究2组枯水期大肠埃希菌与耐热大肠菌群检出率分别为94.62%(88/93)、91.40%(85/93),相较于研究1组的79.57%(74/93)、58.06%(54/93)更好;丰水期两组耐热大肠菌群检出率分别为79.57%(74/93)、93.55%(87/93),大肠埃希菌检出率分别为80.65%(75/93)、96.77%(90/93),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 该研究中两种微生物检验技术运用于生活饮用水中具有重要意义,多管发酵法相较于滤膜法更佳,更为值得推广。
  [关键词] 生活饮用水;微生物检验;滤膜法;多管发酵法
  [中图分类号] R123 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654(2019)12(b)-0148-03
  Analysis on the Application of Microbiological Testing Technology in the Monitoring of Drinking Water
  LUO Yong-liang
  Yuanzhou District Health Supervision Institute, Guyuan, Ningxia, 756000 China
  [Abstract] Objective To explore the value of using microbiological testing techniques in drinking water monitoring. Methods A total of 186 drinking water samples from 93 dry seasons in April 2017 and 93 wet seasons in August 2017 were included in the study from March 2017 to March 2018. All drinking water samples were tested by filter method(study group 1) and multi-tube fermentation method (study group 2), and the microbial detection status of the two groups in the dry and wet seasons was counted. Results The detection rates of Escherichia coli and heat-resistant coliform bacteria in the two groups were 94.62%(88/93) and 91.40%(85/93), respectively, compared with 79.57%(74/93),58.06%(54/93) in the study group was better; the detection rates of heat-resistant coliforms in the two groups during the wet season were 79.57%(74/93) and 93.55%(87/93), respectively. The detection rate of Escherichia coli was respectively 80.65%(75/93), 96.77%(90/93), comparison between groups(P<0.05). Conclusion In this study, two microbial testing techniques are of great significance in the application of water in living applications. The multi-tube fermentation method is better than the membrane method and is worthy of promotion.
  [Key words] Drinking water; Microbiological testing; Membrane method; Multi-tube fermentation
   水,是人體必不可缺的生命之源。然而随着工业化时代发展,大量工厂私自排放污水、各种化工产业产生的有毒气体导致水资源污染情况越来越严重,人们的生活环境也越来越差[1]。近些年,由于各种环境因素导致的疾病发生率逐年递增,生活饮用水的质量问题也引起人们的广泛关注。既往采取的常规过滤、消毒等处理,虽然能降低水中微生物含量,但相关部门对于饮水质量的监测能够有效减少有害微生物对人体产生的影响[2],故及时采取科学有效的生活饮用水检验方案是保证饮水质量、维护国民健康的重要前提,该研究于2017年3月—2018年3月以186份样本为例展开研析,现报道如下。
  1  资料与方法
  1.1  一般资料
   纳入186份生活饮用水样本作为检验对象开展研究。根据不同检验方式(滤膜法及多管发酵法)分为研究1、2组。所有样本均严格遵循《生活饮用水标准检验方法水样采集与保存》[3]流程进行采集与保存,样本及所使用的设备、仪器等基线资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
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