早期干预在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿中的应用效果

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　　[摘要]目的 探討早期干预在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）患儿中的应用效果。方法 选取2015年1月～2017年12月我院收治的70例新生儿HIE患儿作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组（35例）和研究组（35例）。对照组采用常规对症治疗方法，研究组采用常规对症治疗方法联合早期干预。比较两组的干预后智力发育指数（MDI）、心理运动发育（PDI）评分，12个月龄时总发育商（DQ）水平，干预后6周头围、身长、体重增长情况及随访6个月后遗症发生情况。结果 研究组干预6个月MDI评分[（90.50±10.10）分]、干预12个月MDI评分[（96.20±10.70）分]均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组干预6个月PDI评分[（88.35±10.55）分]、干预12个月PDI评分[（91.45±13.10）分]，与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;研究组12个月龄时DQ水平包括大运动评分[（95.20±3.55）分]、精细动作评分[（84.30±9.70）分]、社交行为评分[（89.35±6.65）分]、适应能力评分[（82.80±8.45）分]、语言能力评分[（78.50±3.50）分]均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组干预后6周头围增长[（4.20±1.60）cm]、身长增长[（6.10±1.75）cm]、体重增长[（2.30±0.45）kg]均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组干预随访6个月后遗症总发生率（2.86%）低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对新生儿HIE患儿实施早期干预，可以明显提高其智力和运动功能及预后。
　　[关键词]早期干预;新生儿;缺氧缺血性脑病;智力;运动功能;预后;效果
　　[中图分类号] R722.1          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）10（b）-0115-04
　　[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of early intervention on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy（HIE）. Methods 70 cases of neonatal HIE admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group （35 cases） and research group （35 cases） according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with routine symptomatic treatment， while the research group was treated with routine symptomatic treatment combined with early intervention. The dry prognosis mental development index （MDI）， psychomotor development （PDI） score， total developmental quotient （DQ） level at 12 months old， head circumference， body length， body mass increase at 6 weeks after intervention and the occurrence of sequelae after 6 months of follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results The MDI score in the research group at 6 months of intervention （[90.50±10.10] points） and at 12 months of intervention （[96.20±10.70] points） were higher than those in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. PDI score of the research group after 6 months of intervention （[88.35±10.55] points）， PDI score of the research group after 12 months of intervention （[91.45±13.10] points）， there was no significant difference between the two groups （P>0.05）. The DQ level of the research group at 12 months old included big sport score （[95.20±3.55] points）， fine motor score （[84.30±9.70] points）， social behavior score （[89.35±6.65] points），  adaptability score （[82.80±8.45] points）， the scores of language ability （[78.50±3.50] pointes） were higher than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P>0.05）. The head circumference of the research group increased 6 weeks after intervention （[4.20±1.60] cm）， growth in length （[6.10±1.75] cm）， weight gain （[2.30±0.45] kg） were higher than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P>0.05）. The total incidence of sequelae after 6 months follow-up in the research group （2.86%） was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Early intervention in neonates with HIE can significantly improve their intelligence and motor function and prognosis.
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