?辣椒秋延设施栽培品种比较试验
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摘 要:为筛选适合衡阳地区秋延设施栽培的辣椒品种,2018—2019年连续2 a选用湖南省蔬菜研究所选育的博辣和兴蔬系列7个品种,以衡阳市蔬菜研究所筛选的丰源3号辣椒作对照,在衡阳市蔬菜研究所试验地进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,供试7个品种的产量均比对照高,以兴蔬215的产量最高,达4 199 kg/667m2,比对照高16.96%;其他品种比对照高4.65%~15.71%。各参试品种的果实光泽度好,味辣,口感好,抗病抗逆性强,均可作为衡阳地区不同市场需求的秋延设施栽培推广品种。
关键词:辣椒;秋延;设施栽培;品比试验
中图分类号:S641.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-060X(2020)05-0007-03
Variety Comparative Test of Pepper for Autumn-Delay Protected Cultivation
YU Xi-mao,KUANG Bi-feng,XIAO Chang-hua,TANG E,LI Jian-sheng,JIANG Ke
(1. Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute, Hengyang 421001, PRC; 2. Academician and Expert Workstation of Hengyang
Vegetable Research Institute, Hengyang 421001, PRC)
Abstract: In order to select pepper varieties suitable for autumn-delay cultivation in Hengyang area, seven varieties of Bola and Xingshu series bred by Hunan Vegetable Research Institute were selected for variety comparison test in two consecutive years from 2018 to 2019. Taking Fengyuan No.3 pepper as control, the variety comparison test was carried out in Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute. The results showed that the yield of 7 varieties tested was higher than that of the control. The yield of Xingshu 215 was the highest, which was 62 985 kg/hm2, 16.96% higher than that of the control; other varieties were 4.65%-15.71% higher than the control. The fruits of the tested varieties have good glossiness, spicy and good taste, and strong resistance to disease and adversity, which can be used as autumn-delay protected cultivation varieties with different market demands in Hengyang area.
Key words: pepper; autumn-delay; protected cultivation; variety comparison test
辣椒是我國主栽蔬菜品种,衡阳地区以春栽为主,但随着设施栽培面积的增加,辣椒秋延栽培面积越来越大。为了满足生产和市场需求,衡阳市蔬菜研究所院士专家工作站建立后,把引进不同类型辣椒品种进行秋延设施栽培作为了一项重要工作内容。2018—2019年连续2 a选用邹学校院士辣椒育种团队提供的7个品种,以衡阳市蔬菜研究所筛选的丰源3号辣椒作对照,在衡阳市蔬菜研究所试验地进行了秋延后设施栽培品比试验,并进行了现场鉴定和综合评价,可为衡阳地区大面积推广应用秋延后设施栽培辣椒新品种的选择提供科学依据,现将品种比较试验结果报告如下。
1 材料与方法
1.1 供试品种
湖南省蔬菜研究所辣椒育种团队选育的博辣8号、博辣9号、兴蔬皱皮辣、兴蔬208、兴蔬早惠、兴蔬215、兴蔬201,以衡阳市蔬菜研究所筛选的丰源3号作对照(CK)。
1.2 试验方法
试验在衡阳市蔬菜研究所试验地进行,采用随机区组排列,设3次重复。
采用穴盘基质育苗,于7月18日播种。在连栋大棚内地膜覆盖栽培,定植前穴施生物有机复合肥120 kg/667m2和复合肥50 kg/667m2作基肥。每个连栋大棚内做5畦,畦高25 cm,畦宽l.5 m,沟宽30 cm,每畦栽2行。于8月20日定植,小区面积为12 m2,每小区定植40株[1-2]。定植后浇透活棵水,生长期间采用滴灌进行追肥,以追施速效复合肥为主。以后每采收1~2次辣椒施肥1次,并注意及时防治病虫害。其他栽培管理按常规方法进行[3]。
1.3 观察记载项目
记载辣椒生长发育的各物候期、主要植物学性状和产量等。
2 结果与分析
2.1 生育期比较
从表1可知,兴蔬早惠从定植至终收期平均为143 d,属早熟品种;博辣8号、兴蔬皱皮辣、兴蔬201和兴蔬208共4个品种,从定植至终收期平均为146~148 d,属中早熟品种;博辣9号、兴蔬215和丰源3号(CK)共3个品种,从定植至终收期平均为151~153 d,属中熟品种。
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