北京市顺义区中小学生饮食行为与超重肥胖的相关性分析
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摘要：目的 了解顺义区中小学生饮食行为与超重肥胖之间的相关关系，有效引导中小学生合理饮食行为，为保障其健康成长提供依据。方法 采用多层整群随机抽样方法，于2017年7月对顺义区1212名中小学生进行问卷调查，对相关因素进行Logistic 多元回归分析。结果 学生超重肥胖檢出率为35.53%，其中男生为42.66%，女生为28.87%，差异有统计学意义（？字2=24.852，P<0.01）;多因素分析显示，男性是学生超重肥胖的危险因素（OR=1.863，95%CI=1.455～2.384）;而吃早餐是学生超重肥胖的保护因素，包括天天吃早餐（OR=0.164，95%CI=0.058～0.464），有时吃早餐（OR=0.166，95%CI=0.058～0.478）。结论 顺义区中小学生超重肥胖率较高，健康饮食行为与超重肥胖之间存在相关关系，各部门应加强营养和健康知识教育，保障学生健康成长。
关键词：饮食行为;超重;肥胖
中图分类号：R179 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.09.045
文章编号：1006-1959（2019）09-0138-02
2. School of Public Health， Hebei Medical University/Key Laboratory of Environmental and Population Health of Hebei Province， Shijiazhuang 050017，Hebei，China）
Abstract：Objective To understand the relationship between the eating behaviors of primary and middle school students in Shunyi District and overweight and obesity， and to effectively guide the reasonable eating behavior of primary and secondary school students， and provide a basis for ensuring their healthy growth. Methods A multi-layer cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 1212 primary and middle school students in Shunyi District in July 2017. Logistic multiple regression analysis was performed on related factors. Results The detection rate of overweight and obesity was 35.53%， including 42.66% for boys and 28.87% for girls. The difference was statistically significant （χ2= 24.852，P<0.01）. Multivariate analysis showed that males were risk factors for overweight and obesity among students （OR=1.863， 95% CI=1.455～2.384）; while eating breakfast is a protective factor for students with overweight and obesity， eating breakfast every day （OR=0.164， 95% CI=0.058～0.464）， sometimes eating breakfast （OR=0.166， 95% CI= 0.058 ～ 0.478）. Conclusion There is a high rate of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Shunyi District. There is a correlation between healthy eating behavior and overweight and obesity. All departments should strengthen nutrition and health knowledge education to ensure the healthy growth of students.
Key words：Eating behavior;Overweight;Obesity
随着社会经济的快速发展和居民生活水平的提高，中小学生营养不良状况得到改善，但超重肥胖率以惊人的速度增长。儿童肥胖对心血管系统、内分泌系统、呼吸系统和肝脏、运动骨骼、心理行为及认知智力等多方面带来危害[1]。为了解顺义区中小学生饮食行为与超重肥胖之间的相关关系，有效引导中小学生合理饮食行为，保障健康成长提供依据，2017年11月顺义区在5所学校开展了调查研究。
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